A number of researchers, including Nelson, have suggested that pictures receive more extensive semantic processing than words do. Deep ProcessingÄeep processing plays a significant part in the sensory semantic theory. This supports the idea that pictures are perhaps processed semantically with a higher efficiency than words are, because their distinctive features call for a deeper level of processing. Because of this sensory encoding, a picture superiority effect results. All the different varieties can offer opportunities for distinctive memory encoding. Pictures potentially have an endless variety of color, texture and perspective. It seems, therefore, that the special surface characteristics of pictures have a lot to do with memory retention. According to the sensory semantic theory we recall the meaning of images with less effort, because people notice differences more readily in images rather than words. Semantic processing seems to be more advanced when one is faced with pictures, because pictures have distinctive features that enable us to distinguish them from words. The result? We remember pictures better than we remember words. Therefore, pictures are encoded uniquely in the memory. However, pictures have more distinctive visual features. In the sensory semantic theory, pictures and words share the same semantic codes. For example, when instructed to order the importance of items (presented as pictures or as words), the encoding processes involved are more profound for dealing with pictures than dealing with words. So, when words and pictures are compared under semantic (or meaning) study instructions, encoding takes place at a deep level. Therefore, because encoding for pictures seems to be superior (as opposed to encoding for words) the outcome is that the mind has a greater recollection for pictures. Pictures have another advantage over words: According to the sensory semantic theory pictures also assess meaning more directly than words. This increases their chance for retrieval. According to Nelson, pictures are perceptually more distinct from one another than words. Nelson explained this phenomenon with his sensory semantic theory. This is also referred to as the picture superiority effect. Pictures have this advantage over words, because of the way pictorial information is encoded. Pictures and images are more likely to be remembered than words.
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